The former Venezuelan president says he is immune from the federal charges.
Venezuela is believed to hold more than 300 billion barrels of oil, but the country currently produces only a small fraction of its potential.
The Trump administration has told Venezuela's interim president that the regime must meet the White House's demands before being allowed to pump more oil.
Trump said the money would be controlled by him as president but it would be used to benefit the people of Venezuela and the United States.
Nicolás Maduro and his wife pleaded not guilty to federal charges Monday in Manhattan federal court.
Bay Area lawmakers are raising constitutional questions over the Trump administration's surprise operation in Venezuela over the weekend. Democrats are arguing the move might violate the War Powers Act by bypassing Congress, while Republicans are largely saying the president acted within his authority.
